Rudder.



Patented Aug. 22, I899.

F. BALDT.

R U D D E R. Application filed Feb. 1, 1899.)

(No Model.)

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK BALDT, OF CHESTER, PENNSYLVANIA.

RUDDER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 631,268, dated August 22, 1899. Application filed February 1, 1899. Serial No. 704,120. (No inodel.)

To all whom, it may conceivt:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK BALDT, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chester, in the county of Delaware, State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvementin Rudders, which improvement is fully set forth in the following specification and accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to certain improvements in rudders, and comprises a structure The invention further consists in the details of construction hereinafter fully described and specifically claimed.

Figure 1 represents a side elevation of the rudder constructed in accordance with this invention. Fig.2 representsa rear end elevation. Fig. 3 represents a detailed side elevation showing the plate when made of a plurality of sections. Fig. 4: represents a top plan view. Fig. 5 represents-a section on line 00 cc, Fig. 1. Fig. 6 represents a section on line y y, Fig. 1. Fig; 7 represents a section on line y y,

Fig. 1, with the plate removed. Fig. 8 repre-' sents a rear end elevation of a modified construction embodying this invention. Fig. 9 represents a rear end elevation of another embodiment of the invention. Fig. 10 represents a section taken on line a z of Fig. 9 with the rudder-plate removed.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Referring to the drawings, A designates a rudder, which consists, essentially, of the stock B, the pintle-lugs 0, arms D, and plate E.

The stock B consists of an upright post hav-' in g on its front side the pintle-lugs C, by which the rudder is supported in operative position, said lugs being circular, as shown. One of said lugs 0, however, is flat-sided or provided with the stop-faces O that limit the swinging movement of the rudder in an obvious manner. Y

The rudder-plate E, as shown in Fig. 1, consists of a single plate, or it may consist of a plurality of sections E, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. The rudder-plate is secured to the arms D by rivets or other approved fastening and are in alinement with the axis of the stock. There are a pluralityof these arms D, which in Figs. 1 to 7 are shown in pairs and preferably disposed at regular intervals between the ends of the stock. The arms of the pairs receive between them the plate, and when the plate is in sections, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the joints between said sections are situated between a pair of arms, as shown in Fig. 2. At the base of the arms there is a longitudinal seat or socket conveniently formed by a groove or channel F to receive and hold the inner edge of the plate, said groove or channel being formed by upright parallel flanges F,extending rearwardly from the stock, with their inner faces flush with the inner faces of the arms D. The arms near the center of the stock are longest to give the desired shape to the rudder, and the space between the short upper arms and between the flanges at the upper end of the stock is covered by a top plate or Wall Gr, forming the upper end of what might be termed the rudder-plate socket. At the lower end of the rudder is a short or upwardly-facing wall or shelf H, situated between the lower pair of arms D and also the lower ends of the flanges F to form a support and guide for the lower end of the rudder-plate. The said shelf or upwardlyfacing wall is approximately horizontal or in a plane at right angles to the stock B, and therefore not only affords a guide or support for the rudder-plate, but serves as a rest for said plate or sections in the preliminary fitting and insertion and upon which the plate or section is supported even before riveting. I am aware that it has been proposed to make a rudder-frame of this general class with a downwardly-inclined wall at the lower end of the plate-socket, but such inclined wall does not afford the rest above referred to, for in the absence of the rivetingthe plate would have a tendency to slip forwardly on said inclined wall.

As before stated, the groove F is in alinement with the axial center of the stock or, in

other words, the distances between the inner faces of the arms and axial center of the stock are equal to half the thickness of the plate, whereby the plate is at the center of the stock and fits snugly within the groove F between the arms D, as shown. As shown in Figs. 1, 4, 5, and 6, the arms and plates are riveted together, providing a strong and durable rudder. It is obvious that said plate can be readily removed and replaced in case of injury and without destroying the stock and arms or, as it might be termed, the rudder-frame, and, furthermore, when the sections E are employed any one can be removed without disturbing the others.

In accordance with the principle of this invention the arms can be placed alternately on opposite sides of the stock or the groove F therein or all maybe placed on one side of the stock.

In Fig. 8 the arms D are shown as staggered or placed on opposite sides of the stock.

In Figs. 9 and 10 the arms D are shown on one side of the stock only. As a further modification the arms D are provided centrally with longitudinal ribs J, that extend across the center of the stock, so that when using this particular embodiment of the invention it is necessary to employ a sectional plate, it being noted that the sections E are confined at their upper and lower edges between the horizontal or transverse ribs J.

In the structure shown in Figs. 8 to 10 the plates are secured to the arms in the manner above described.

In constructing the said rudder the stock, pintle-lugs, and arms are cast in one piece of open-hearth steel or any other cast metal, while the plate or plates may be rolled, forged, or cast, as preferred. In this Way I am enabled to construct a rudder in less time than heretofore and also provide a light rudder without sacrificing strength, as well as reducing the cost thereof. An important advantage due to this construction is the readiness with which the rudder can be repaired when the plate or plates are injured, it being noted that by being able to replace the plate or a section of the plate without the necessity of repairing the rudder-frame or stock the loss of time and expense incident to a new rudder is avoided.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. Aruddercomprisingarudder-frame consisting of a stock and a plurality of pairs of arms, the arms in each pair being situated opposite each other and on opposite sides of the stock, the corresponding arms in each pair being situated in alinement, a longitudinal seat or socket in said stock situated in alinement with the spaces between the arms, and a plate situated and secured between said arms and Within said seat or socket.

2. A rudder comprising a rudder-frame consisting of a stock and a plurality of pairs of arms, the arms in each pair being situated opposite each other and on opposite sides of the axial center of the stock, the corresponding arms in each pair being situated in alinement, a groove or channel in said stock in alinement with the spaces between the arms, and a plate situated between said arms and Within said groove or channel, said plate being secured to said arms and to the side walls of said groove or channel.

3. Aruddercomprisingarudder-frame having a stock and a plurality of arms, and a plate consisting of a plurality of sections secured to said arms in alinement with each other and with the axial center of said stock, the joints between said sections being situated opposite and in alinement with said arms.

4. A rudder comprising a rudder-frame consisting of a stock and a plurality of pairs of arms, the arms in each pair being situated opposite each other and on opposite sides of the axial center of the stock, the corresponding arms in each pair being situated in alinement, and a plate consisting of a plurality of sections situated between said arms and in alinement with the axial center of said stock, said sections being secured to said arms with the joints between the sections situated opposite and between the arms.

FREDERICK BALDT. lVitnesses:

SAM. LYONS, J. I\IORTIMER DUTTON. 

